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CISA Adds Two Known Exploited Vulnerabilities to Catalog

CISA has added two new vulnerabilities to its Known Exploited Vulnerabilities (KEV) Catalog, based on evidence of active exploitation. 

  • CVE-2025-24016 Wazuh Server Deserialization of Untrusted Data Vulnerability

  • CVE-2025-33053 Web Distributed Authoring and Versioning (WebDAV) External Control of File Name or Path Vulnerability

These types of vulnerabilities are frequent attack vectors for malicious cyber actors and pose significant risks to the federal enterprise. 

Binding Operational Directive (BOD) 22-01: Reducing the Significant Risk of Known Exploited Vulnerabilities established the KEV Catalog as a living list of known Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures (CVEs) that carry significant risk to the federal enterprise. BOD 22-01 requires Federal Civilian Executive Branch (FCEB) agencies to remediate identified vulnerabilities by the due date to protect FCEB networks against active threats. See the BOD 22-01 Fact Sheet for more information. 

Although BOD 22-01 only applies to FCEB agencies, CISA strongly urges all organizations to reduce their exposure to cyberattacks by prioritizing timely remediation of KEV Catalog vulnerabilities as part of their vulnerability management practice. CISA will continue to add vulnerabilities to the catalog that meet the specified criteria. 

CISA Releases Four Industrial Control Systems Advisories

CISA released four Industrial Control Systems (ICS) advisories on June 10, 2025. These advisories provide timely information about current security issues, vulnerabilities, and exploits surrounding ICS.

CISA encourages users and administrators to review newly released ICS advisories for technical details and mitigations.

Hitachi Energy Relion 670, 650, SAM600-IO Series

View CSAF

1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

  • CVSS v4 8.2
  • ATTENTION: Exploitable remotely
  • Vendor: Hitachi Energy
  • Equipment: Relion 670, 650, SAM600-IO Series
  • Vulnerability: Observable Discrepancy

2. RISK EVALUATION

Successful exploitation of this vulnerability could allow an attacker to decrypt application data in transit.

3. TECHNICAL DETAILS

3.1 AFFECTED PRODUCTS

Hitachi Energy reports that the following products are affected:

  • Relion 670: Version 2.2.0
  • Relion 670: Version 2.2.1
  • Relion 650: Version 2.2.0
  • Relion 650: Version 2.2.1
  • Relion 670: Versions 2.2.2.0 through 2.2.2.5
  • Relion 670: Versions 2.2.3.0 through 2.2.3.6
  • Relion 670: Versions 2.2.4.0 through 2.2.4.3
  • Relion 650: Versions 2.2.4.0 through 2.2.4.3
  • Relion 670: Versions 2.2.5.0 through 2.2.5.5
  • Relion 650: Versions 2.2.5.0 through 2.2.5.5
  • SAM600-IO: Version 2.2.1
  • SAM600-IO: Versions from 2.2.5.0 up to but not including, 2.2.5.5

3.2 VULNERABILITY OVERVIEW

3.2.1 OBSERVABLE DISCREPANCY CWE-203

A timing-based side channel exists in the OpenSSL RSA decryption implementation, which could be sufficient to recover a plaintext across a network in a Bleichenbacher-style attack. To achieve a successful decryption, an attacker would have to send a very large number of trial messages for decryption. The vulnerability affects all RSA padding modes: PKCS#1 v1.5, RSA-OEAP and RSASVE. For example, in a TLS connection, RSA is commonly used by a client to send an encrypted pre-master secret to the server. An attacker that had observed a genuine connection between a client and a server could use this flaw to send trial messages to the server and record the time taken to process them. After a sufficiently large number of messages the attacker could recover the pre-master secret used for the original connection and thus be able to decrypt the application data sent over that connection.

CVE-2022-4304 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 5.9 has been assigned; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2022-4304. A base score of 8.2 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.3 BACKGROUND

  • CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE SECTORS: Energy
  • COUNTRIES/AREAS DEPLOYED: Worldwide
  • COMPANY HEADQUARTERS LOCATION: Japan

3.4 RESEARCHER

Hitachi Energy reported this vulnerability to CISA.

4. MITIGATIONS

Hitachi Energy has identified the following specific workarounds and mitigations users can apply to reduce risk:

  • Relion 670 series version 2.2.0: Apply general mitigation factors.
  • Relion 670 series version 2.2.1: Apply general mitigation factors.
  • Relion 650 series version 2.2.0: Apply general mitigation factors.
  • Relion 650 series version 2.2.1: Apply general mitigation factors.
  • Relion 670 series version 2.2.2 through 2.2.2.5: Update to version 2.2.2.6 or latest.
  • Relion 670 series version 2.2.3 through 2.2.3.6: Update to version 2.2.3.7 or latest.
  • Relion 670 series version 2.2.4 through 2.2.4.3: Update to version 2.2.4.4 or latest.
  • Relion 650 series version 2.2.4 through 2.2.4.3: Update to version 2.2.4.4 or latest.
  • Relion 670 series version 2.2.5 through 2.2.5.5: Update to version 2.2.5.6 or latest.
  • Relion 650 series version 2.2.5 through 2.2.5.5: Update to version 2.2.5.6 or latest.
  • SAM600-IO series version 2.2.1: Apply general mitigation factors.
  • SAM600-IO series version 2.2.5 through 2.2.5.5: Update to version 2.2.5.6 or latest.

For more information, see the associated Hitachi Energy PSIRT Security Advisory 8DBD000157.

Hitachi Energy recommends the following general mitigation factors and security practices:

  • Configure firewalls to protect process control networks from attacks originating from outside the network.
  • Physically protect process control systems from direct access by unauthorized personnel.
  • Avoid directly connecting control systems to the internet.
  • Separate process control networks from other networks via a firewall system with minimal exposed ports.
  • Users should not use process control systems for internet surfing, instant messaging, or email.
  • Portable computers and removable storage media should be carefully scanned for viruses before connecting to a control system.
  • Enforce proper password policies and processes.

CISA recommends users take defensive measures to minimize the risk of exploitation of this vulnerability. CISA reminds organizations to perform proper impact analysis and risk assessment prior to deploying defensive measures.

CISA also provides a section for control systems security recommended practices on the ICS webpage on cisa.gov. Several CISA products detailing cyber defense best practices are available for reading and download, including Improving Industrial Control Systems Cybersecurity with Defense-in-Depth Strategies.

CISA encourages organizations to implement recommended cybersecurity strategies for proactive defense of ICS assets.

Additional mitigation guidance and recommended practices are publicly available on the ICS webpage at cisa.gov in the technical information paper, ICS-TIP-12-146-01B--Targeted Cyber Intrusion Detection and Mitigation Strategies.

Organizations observing suspected malicious activity should follow established internal procedures and report findings to CISA for tracking and correlation against other incidents.

5. UPDATE HISTORY

  • June 10, 2025: Initial Republication of Hitachi Energy's 8DBD000157.

MicroDicom DICOM Viewer

View CSAF

1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

  • CVSS v4 8.6
  • ATTENTION: Exploitable remotely/low attack complexity
  • Vendor: MicroDicom
  • Equipment: DICOM Viewer
  • Vulnerability: Out-of-bounds Write

2. RISK EVALUATION

Successful exploitation of this vulnerability could allow an attacker to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of DICOM Viewer.

3. TECHNICAL DETAILS

3.1 AFFECTED PRODUCTS

The following MicroDicom products are affected:

  • DICOM Viewer: Versions 2025.2 (Build 8154) and prior

3.2 VULNERABILITY OVERVIEW

3.2.1 OUT-OF-BOUNDS WRITE CWE-787

DICOM Viewer suffers from an out-of-bounds write vulnerability. Remote attackers are able to exploit this issue to potentially execute arbitrary code on affected installations of DICOM Viewer. User interaction is required to exploit the vulnerability in that the user must either visit a malicious website or open a malicious DICOM file locally.

CVE-2025-5943 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3.1 base score of 8.8 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2025-5943. A base score of 8.6 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:A/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.3 BACKGROUND

  • CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE SECTORS: Healthcare and Public Health
  • COUNTRIES/AREAS DEPLOYED: Worldwide
  • COMPANY HEADQUARTERS LOCATION: Bulgaria

3.4 RESEARCHER

Michael Heinzl reported this vulnerability to CISA.

4. MITIGATIONS

MicroDicom recommends users update DICOM Viewer to version 2025.3 or later.

CISA recommends users take defensive measures to minimize the risk of exploitation of this vulnerability, such as:

  • Minimize network exposure for all control system devices and/or systems, ensuring they are not accessible from the internet.
  • Locate control system networks and remote devices behind firewalls and isolating them from business networks.
  • When remote access is required, use more secure methods, such as Virtual Private Networks (VPNs), recognizing VPNs may have vulnerabilities and should be updated to the most current version available. Also recognize VPN is only as secure as the connected devices.

CISA reminds organizations to perform proper impact analysis and risk assessment prior to deploying defensive measures.

CISA also provides a section for control systems security recommended practices on the ICS webpage on cisa.gov/ics. Several CISA products detailing cyber defense best practices are available for reading and download, including Improving Industrial Control Systems Cybersecurity with Defense-in-Depth Strategies.

CISA encourages organizations to implement recommended cybersecurity strategies for proactive defense of ICS assets.

Additional mitigation guidance and recommended practices are publicly available on the ICS webpage at cisa.gov/ics in the technical information paper, ICS-TIP-12-146-01B--Targeted Cyber Intrusion Detection and Mitigation Strategies.

Organizations observing suspected malicious activity should follow established internal procedures and report findings to CISA for tracking and correlation against other incidents.

CISA also recommends users take the following measures to protect themselves from social engineering attacks:

No known public exploitation specifically targeting this vulnerability has been reported to CISA at this time.

5. UPDATE HISTORY

  • June 10, 2025: Initial Publication

SinoTrack GPS Receiver

View CSAF

1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

  • CVSS v4 8.8
  • ATTENTION: Exploitable remotely/Low attack complexity
  • Vendor: SinoTrack
  • Equipment: All Known SinoTrack Devices
  • Vulnerabilities: Weak Authentication, Observable Response Discrepency

2. RISK EVALUATION

Successful exploitation of these vulnerabilities could allow an attacker to access device profiles without authorization through the common web management interface. Access to the device profile may allow an attacker to perform some remote functions on connected vehicles such as tracking the vehicle location and disconnecting power to the fuel pump where supported.

3. TECHNICAL DETAILS

3.1 AFFECTED PRODUCTS

The following SinoTrack products are affected:

  • SinoTrack IOT PC Platform: All versions

3.2 VULNERABILITY OVERVIEW

3.2.1 WEAK AUTHENTICATION CWE-1390

A username and password are required to authenticate to the central SinoTrack device management interface. The username for all devices is an identifier printed on the receiver. The default password is well-known and common to all devices. Modification of the default password is not enforced during device setup. A malicious actor can retrieve device identifiers with either physical access or by capturing identifiers from pictures of the devices posted on publicly accessible websites such as eBay.

CVE-2025-5484 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 8.3 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:L).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2025-5484. A base score of 7.6 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:P/VC:H/VI:H/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:L).

3.2.2 OBSERVABLE RESPONSE DISCREPENCY CWE-204

User names used to access the web management interface are limited to the device identifier, which is a numerical identifier no more than 10 digits. A malicious actor can enumerate potential targets by incrementing or decrementing from known identifiers or through enumerating random digit sequences.

CVE-2025-5485 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 8.6 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:L/A:L).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2025-5485. A base score of 8.8 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:L).

3.3 BACKGROUND

  • CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE SECTORS: Communications
  • COUNTRIES/AREAS DEPLOYED: Worldwide
  • COMPANY HEADQUARTERS LOCATION: China

3.4 RESEARCHER

Raúl Ignacio Cruz Jiménez reported these vulnerabilities to CISA.

4. MITIGATIONS

SinoTrack did not respond to CISA's request for coordination. Please contact SinoTrack for more information.

CISA recommends that device users take defensive measures to minimize the risk of exploitation of these vulnerabilities, including:

  • Change the default password to a unique, complex password as soon as is practical in the management interface available at https://sinotrack.com/.
  • Conceal the device identifier. If the sticker is visible on publicly accessible photographs, consider deleting or replacing the pictures to protect the identifier.

CISA reminds organizations to perform proper impact analysis and risk assessment prior to deploying defensive measures.

CISA also provides a section for control systems security recommended practices on the ICS webpage on cisa.gov/ics. Several CISA products detailing cyber defense best practices are available for reading and download, including Improving Industrial Control Systems Cybersecurity with Defense-in-Depth Strategies.

CISA encourages organizations to implement recommended cybersecurity strategies for proactive defense of ICS assets.

Additional mitigation guidance and recommended practices are publicly available on the ICS webpage at cisa.gov/ics in the technical information paper, ICS-TIP-12-146-01B--Targeted Cyber Intrusion Detection and Mitigation Strategies.

Organizations observing suspected malicious activity should follow established internal procedures and report findings to CISA for tracking and correlation against other incidents.

CISA also recommends users take the following measures to protect themselves from social engineering attacks:

No known public exploitation specifically targeting these vulnerabilities has been reported to CISA at this time.

5. UPDATE HISTORY

  • June 10, 2025: Initial Publication

CISA Adds Two Known Exploited Vulnerabilities to Catalog

CISA has added two new vulnerabilities to its Known Exploited Vulnerabilities (KEV) Catalog, based on evidence of active exploitation. 

  • CVE-2025-32433 Erlang Erlang/OTP SSH Server Missing Authentication for Critical Function Vulnerability 

  • CVE-2024-42009 RoundCube Webmail Cross-Site Scripting Vulnerability 

These types of vulnerabilities are frequent attack vectors for malicious cyber actors and pose significant risks to the federal enterprise. 

Binding Operational Directive (BOD) 22-01: Reducing the Significant Risk of Known Exploited Vulnerabilities established the KEV Catalog as a living list of known Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures (CVEs) that carry significant risk to the federal enterprise. BOD 22-01 requires Federal Civilian Executive Branch (FCEB) agencies to remediate identified vulnerabilities by the due date to protect FCEB networks against active threats. See the BOD 22-01 Fact Sheet for more information. 

Although BOD 22-01 only applies to FCEB agencies, CISA strongly urges all organizations to reduce their exposure to cyberattacks by prioritizing timely remediation of KEV Catalog vulnerabilities as part of their vulnerability management practice. CISA will continue to add vulnerabilities to the catalog that meet the specified criteria. 

CISA Adds One Known Exploited Vulnerability to Catalog

 CISA has added one new vulnerability to its Known Exploited Vulnerabilities (KEV) Catalog, based on evidence of active exploitation. 

  • CVE-2025-5419 Google Chromium V8 Out-of-Bounds Read and Write Vulnerability 

This type of vulnerability is a frequent attack vector for malicious cyber actors and poses significant risks to the federal enterprise. 

Binding Operational Directive (BOD) 22-01: Reducing the Significant Risk of Known Exploited Vulnerabilities established the KEV Catalog as a living list of known Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures (CVEs) that carry significant risk to the federal enterprise. BOD 22-01 requires Federal Civilian Executive Branch (FCEB) agencies to remediate identified vulnerabilities by the due date to protect FCEB networks against active threats. See the BOD 22-01 Fact Sheet for more information. 

Although BOD 22-01 only applies to FCEB agencies, CISA strongly urges all organizations to reduce their exposure to cyberattacks by prioritizing timely remediation of KEV Catalog vulnerabilities as part of their vulnerability management practice. CISA will continue to add vulnerabilities to the catalog that meet the specified criteria. 

CISA Releases Seven Industrial Control Systems Advisories

CISA released seven Industrial Control Systems (ICS) advisories on June 5, 2025. These advisories provide timely information about current security issues, vulnerabilities, and exploits surrounding ICS.

CISA encourages users and administrators to review newly released ICS advisories for technical details and mitigations.