Successful exploitation of this vulnerability could allow an attacker to modify hardware configurations, manipulate data, or factory reset the device.
The following versions of Güralp FMUS series are affected:
The affected products expose an unauthenticated Telnet-based command line interface that could allow an attacker to modify hardware configurations, manipulate data, or factory reset the device.
CVE-2025-8286 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 9.8 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).
A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2025-8286. A base score of 9.3 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).
Souvik Kandar of MicroSec (microsec.io) reported this vulnerability to CISA.
Güralp did not respond to CISA's attempts at coordination. Users of Güralp are encouraged to contact Güralp and keep their systems up to date.
CISA recommends users take defensive measures to minimize the risk of exploitation of this vulnerability, such as:
CISA reminds organizations to perform proper impact analysis and risk assessment prior to deploying defensive measures.
CISA also provides a section for control systems security recommended practices on the ICS webpage on cisa.gov/ics. Several CISA products detailing cyber defense best practices are available for reading and download, including Improving Industrial Control Systems Cybersecurity with Defense-in-Depth Strategies.
CISA encourages organizations to implement recommended cybersecurity strategies for proactive defense of ICS assets.
Additional mitigation guidance and recommended practices are publicly available on the ICS webpage at cisa.gov/ics in the technical information paper, ICS-TIP-12-146-01B--Targeted Cyber Intrusion Detection and Mitigation Strategies.
Organizations observing suspected malicious activity should follow established internal procedures and report findings to CISA for tracking and correlation against other incidents.
No known public exploitation specifically targeting this vulnerability has been reported to CISA at this time.
Successful exploitation of these vulnerabilities could lead to code execution on the host or leakage of memory from processes communicating with vSockets.
Rockwell Automation reports the following Lifecycle Services with VMware are affected:
An integer-overflow vulnerability exists in the VMXNET3 virtual network adapter used in VMware ESXi, Workstation, and Fusion. Exploitation of this vulnerability can lead to code execution on the host.
CVE-2025-41236 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3.1 base score of 9.3 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H).
A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2025-41236. A base score of 9.4 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H).
An integer-underflow vulnerability exists in the Virtual Machine Communication Interface (VMCI) of VMware ESXi, Workstation, and Fusion, which can lead to an out-of-bounds write. Exploitation of this vulnerability can lead to code execution on the host.
CVE-2025-41237 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3.1 base score of 9.3 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H).
A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2025-41237. A base score of 9.4 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H).
A heap-overflow vulnerability exists in the Paravirtualized SCSI (PVSCSI) controller of VMware ESXi, Workstation, and Fusion, which can lead to an out-of-bounds write. Exploitation of this vulnerability can lead to code execution on the host.
CVE-2025-41238 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3.1 base score of 9.3 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H).
A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2025-41238. A base score of 9.4 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H).
An information disclosure vulnerability exists in vSockets due to the use of uninitialized memory in VMware ESXi, Workstation, Fusion, and VMware Tools. Exploitation of this vulnerability can result in the leakage of memory from processes communicating with vSockets.
CVE-2025-41239 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3.1 base score of 7.1 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:N/A:N).
A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2025-41239. A base score of 8.2 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:N/VA:N/SC:H/SI:N/SA:N).
Rockwell Automation reported these vulnerabilities to CISA.
Rockwell Automation will contact impacted users with an active Rockwell Automation Infrastructure Managed Service contract or Threat Detection Managed Service contract to discuss actions needed for remediation efforts.
Rockwell recommends users without Rockwell Automation managed services contract to refer to Broadcom's advisories below:
Rockwell Automation encourages users of the affected software who are not able to upgrade to one of the corrected versions to apply security best practices where possible.
For more information refer to Rockwell Automation's security advisory.
CISA recommends users take defensive measures to minimize the risk of exploitation of these vulnerabilities, such as:
CISA reminds organizations to perform proper impact analysis and risk assessment prior to deploying defensive measures.
CISA also provides a section for control systems security recommended practices on the ICS webpage on cisa.gov/ics. Several CISA products detailing cyber defense best practices are available for reading and download, including Improving Industrial Control Systems Cybersecurity with Defense-in-Depth Strategies.
CISA encourages organizations to implement recommended cybersecurity strategies for proactive defense of ICS assets.
Additional mitigation guidance and recommended practices are publicly available on the ICS webpage at cisa.gov/ics in the technical information paper, ICS-TIP-12-146-01B--Targeted Cyber Intrusion Detection and Mitigation Strategies.
Organizations observing suspected malicious activity should follow established internal procedures and report findings to CISA for tracking and correlation against other incidents.
No known public exploitation specifically targeting these vulnerabilities has been reported to CISA at this time. These vulnerabilities are not exploitable remotely.
Today, CISA, in partnership with Sandia National Laboratories, announced the public availability of Thorium, a scalable and distributed platform for automated file analysis and result aggregation. Thorium enhances cybersecurity teams' capabilities by automating analysis workflows through seamless integration of commercial, open-source, and custom tools. It supports various mission functions, including software analysis, digital forensics, and incident response, allowing analysts to efficiently assess complex malware threats.
Thorium enables teams that frequently analyze files to achieve scalable automation and results indexing within a unified platform. Analysts can integrate command-line tools as Docker images, filter results using tags and full-text search, and manage access with strict group-based permissions.
Designed to scale with hardware using Kubernetes and ScyllaDB, Thorium can ingest over 10 million files per hour per permission group while maintaining rapid query performance. It also allows users to define event triggers and tool execution sequences, control the platform via RESTful API, and aggregate outputs for further analysis or integration with downstream processes.
CISA encourages cybersecurity teams to use Thorium and provide feedback to enhance its capabilities. For more information on Thorium and how it can improve your cybersecurity operations, see CISA’s Thorium resource webpage.
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