Successful exploitation of these vulnerabilities could allow an attacker to send malicious updates to the devices or execute code.
ECOVACS reports the following DEEBOT vacuum and base station devices are affected:
ECOVACS robot vacuums and base stations communicate via an insecure Wi-Fi network with a deterministic WPA2-PSK. The key can be easily derived from the device serial number.
CVE-2025-30198 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3.1 base score of 6.3 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L).
A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2025-30198. A base score of 5.3 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:4.0/AV:A/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).
ECOVACS vacuum robot base stations do not validate firmware updates, so malicious over-the-air updates can be sent to base station via insecure connection between robot and base station.
CVE-2025-30199 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3.1 base score of 7.2 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).
A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2025-30199. A base score of 8.6 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:H/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).
ECOVACS robot vacuums and base stations communicate via an insecure Wi-Fi network with a deterministic AES encryption key, which can be easily derived from the device serial number.
CVE-2025-30200 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3.1 base score of 6.3 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L).
A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2025-30200. A base score of 5.3 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:4.0/AV:A/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).
Dennis Giese, Braelynn Luedtke, and Chris Anderson reported these vulnerabilities to ECOVACS.
ECOVACS has released software updates for the X1S PRO and X1 PRO OMNI. The remaining affected products will have updates available by May 31, 2025. Devices that support automatic updates will receive system update notifications. ECOVACS has proactively pushed the update to users, ensuring all users will be covered by May 31st. Users can complete the fix by performing the system update.
For more information, see ECOVACS security advisory.
Users can contact ECOVACS using information provided on their website.
CISA recommends users take defensive measures to minimize the risk of exploitation of these vulnerabilities, such as:
CISA reminds organizations to perform proper impact analysis and risk assessment prior to deploying defensive measures.
CISA also provides a section for control systems security recommended practices on the ICS webpage on cisa.gov/ics. Several CISA products detailing cyber defense best practices are available for reading and download, including Improving Industrial Control Systems Cybersecurity with Defense-in-Depth Strategies.
CISA encourages organizations to implement recommended cybersecurity strategies for proactive defense of ICS assets.
Additional mitigation guidance and recommended practices are publicly available on the ICS webpage at cisa.gov/ics in the technical information paper, ICS-TIP-12-146-01B--Targeted Cyber Intrusion Detection and Mitigation Strategies.
Organizations observing suspected malicious activity should follow established internal procedures and report findings to CISA for tracking and correlation against other incidents.
CISA also recommends users take the following measures to protect themselves from social engineering attacks:
No known public exploitation specifically targeting these vulnerabilities has been reported to CISA at this time.